洱海流域环境经济相协调的农林土地利用不确定性系统规划

以云南大理洱海流域为例，应用区间数量优化模型对流域的农林土地利用进行了研究。结果表明，洱海流域目前的土地利用结构需要进行适当调整，具体调整方案因分区不同而不同。     

潘西煤矿煤系高岭岩开发利用评估

以潘西煤矿高岭岩作为评估对象,通过对其矿物组成、化学成分的分析及除砂及加工利用试验,评估了高岭土生产4A沸石、造纸涂料级煅烧高岭土、高活性偏高岭土等产品的应用价值,为矿区伴生资源综合利用探讨出一条新路子.     

太湖地区的水资源与水环境——问题、原因与管理

太湖目前主要存在的问题是:①1998年太湖达标排放以来北太湖地区与梅梁湾的水环境没有如预期的那样得到显著改善;②太湖地区的洪涝问题并没有消除,相反随着经济的发展,其易损性增加;③东太湖的沼泽化与富营养化日趋严重,极大地降低了湖泊泄洪能力与供水能力。东太湖的沼泽化与富营养化与养殖业的无计划发展有很大关系,主要是管理所造成的。洪涝问题则是由于流域下垫面的急剧变化导致洪峰提前和洪峰流量增大。     

Tracking the reactivity of ozonation towards effluent organic matters from WWTP using two-dimensional correlation spectra

The characteristics of effluent organic matter (EfOM) from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) during ozonation were investigated using excitation and emission matrix (EEM) spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) at different ozone dosages. The selectivity of ozonation towards different constituents and functional groups was analysed using two-dimensional correlation spectra (2D-COS) probed by FT-IR, synchronous fluorescence spectra and HPSEC. The results indicated that ozonation can destroy aromatic structures of EfOM and change its molecular weight distribution (MWD). According to 2D-COS analysis, microbial humic-like substances were preferentially removed, and then the protein-like fractions. Terrestrial humic-like components exhibited inactivity towards ozonation compared with the above two fractions. Protein-like substances with small molecular weight were preferentially reacted during ozonation based on 2D-COS probed by HPSEC. In addition, the selectivity of ozone towards different functional groups of EfOM exhibited the following sequence: phenolic and alcoholic CO groups?>?aromatic structures containing CC double bonds?>?aliphatic CH. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further elucidated the preferential reaction of aromatic structures in EfOM during ozonation.     

有色冶炼污染区土壤污染及重金属超积累植物的研究

对某省两个有色冶炼污染区进行了土壤和植物采样，并对6个样点土壤和11种植物中的As、Pb、Cd、Zn等重金属含量做了测定分析。结果表明：①该区域土壤已经受到不同程度的重金属污染。其中以As和Cd污染最为严重;②从植物地上部重金属富集系数和体内含量来看．钻形紫苑具备了As-Pb-Cd超积累植物的基本特征。进一步研究的价值很大，白苞蒿地上部As、Pb、Cd及小白酒草地上部Cd富集系数均大于1．也具备了超积累植物的基本特征；③大部分植物富集As、Pb、Cd、Zn均呈现地上部高于地下部的富集规律，是通过根系吸收转移还是叶片吸收还有待实验室内人工栽培确定。     

Landscape dynamitic change in Mu Us Desert derived from Landsat TM data

Landscpae ecology emphasizes large areas and ecological effects of the spatial patterning of ecosystem.Recent developments in landscape ecology emphasized the important relationship between spatial patterns and many ecological processes.Quantitative methods in landscape ecology link spatial patterns and ecological processes at broad spatial and temporal scales.In turn the increased attention on temoral change of ecosystem has highlighted the need for quantitative methods that can analyze patterns.This research applies quantitative methods-change detection to assess the ecosystem temporal change in the arid and semiarid area.Remote sensing offers the temporal change of ecosystem on landscape characteristics.     

京津地区大气颗粒物的表征及来源鉴别

采用中子活化分析及质子激发X荧光分析测定了160个样品中的45种元素含量,研究了不同粒径颗粒物中元素浓度的分布规律,得知对人体有害的元素主要富集在粒径小于2μm的细颗粒中。根据测定的元素浓度特征,可分成七个主要污染来源,即煤、土壤、石油、汽车尾气、建筑材料、海盐及冶金工业。化学元素平衡计算结果表明,天津地区七个污染源中,尘土和燃煤对大气颗粒物的贡献最大。     

中国中东部雾霾污染与入境旅游的时空动态关联分析

以雾霾污染和入境旅游发展的典型区中国中东部为例,借助格兰杰因果检验、脉冲函数、重心模型及双变量空间自相关等方法,实证了1998-2016年雾霾污染与城市入境旅游的时空动态关联。结果表明：时间层面,雾霾污染与入境旅游之间存在长期均衡,雾霾污染是入境旅游的单向格兰杰原因,在短期内会对入境旅游的稳健性产生显著负向冲击,但从长期来看这种冲击趋于缓和;空间层面,雾霾污染和入境旅游重心分别向东北和西北偏移,研究期间两者空间重叠性虽有所提升,但仍存在明显的空间错位;整体上两者呈显著空间负相关,局部空间关联模式以高—低和低—高集聚为主,雾霾对豫东、徽北和鄂中等地的入境旅游市场影响最为突出,且具有空间依赖性。本研究可为区域入境旅游业合理应对雾霾天气,以实现高质量发展提供参考。     

赛都金矿成矿地球化学环境

赛都糜棱岩型金矿是阿尔泰地区重要的金矿类型。本文较系统地论述了该类型金矿的成矿物质来源，成矿流体的地球化学，成矿作用过程中的稳定同位素地球化学等成矿地球化学环境，并推测了其成矿时代。     

Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene in peroxynitrite/Fe(Ⅲ) porphyrin system

The peroxynitrite/porphyrin biomimetic system was established to investigate the effects of peroxynitrite on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) metabolism. Through the comparison of three model systems consisting of different iron porphyrins, we found that the peroxynitrite/T(p-Cl)PPFeCl system showed the highest catalytic efficiency in the metabolism of B[a]P. We analyzed the B[a]P metabolites produced from this system by RP-HPLC method and firstly identified the formation of nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes which are the special metabolites of B[a]P induced by peroxynitrite.